In modern sport, anthropometric measurements and the determination of morphological characteristics have become an indispensable part of the preparation and monitoring of progress in athletes. In addition to monitoring changes in anthropometric measures with training, the importance of physical measures in the selection of athletes for a particular sport or for a particular team position is being increasingly recognized to maximize potential genetic predispositions and potentials. Because of its peculiarities, handball puts different demands on different playing positions and anthropometric characteristics are adapted to the specificities of each position. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in anthropometric measures and body composition among different playing positions in the handball players of ŽRK Olimpija from Osijek. Subjects were measured for height, weight, bodyweight estimation, arm span and palm length of the dominant arm, and arms of the upper arms, forearms, thighs and lower legs both sides. The results showed statistically significant differences in anthropometric measures and body composition among players at different playing positions. Handball players in the wing position have the lowest height, weight, and other anthropometric sizes. Goalkeepers take the lead in height, arm span and palm length of the dominant hand, while generally, the largest leg volumes have pivots as well as the highest mass of muscle tissue, while the backs lead the mass of fat. The work shows the importance of anthropometric measurements in handball for the selection and distribution of players in a team.