Vitrimer materials are a new class of polymer materials which consist of organic networks whose topology can be rearranged by thermally activated bond exchange reactions. The exchange mechanism is associative, therefore no depolymerization occurs upon heating and the cross-link density and number of bonds are both preserved. The aim of this work was to give insight into the vitrimer structure and its properties along with their application possibilities. Viscoelastic behaviour of vitrimers can be described by two transition temperatures: the glass-transition temperature (describing the transition between glassy and rubbery state of network) and the vitrification temperature (describing the transition between viscoelastic solid and viscoelastic liquid while bonds are being broken and formed). Above the vitrification temperature, a gradual decrease in viscosity following Arrhenius law can be observed, which is a behavioral characteristic of silica by which Vitrimers were named after (lat. vitreus - glassy, vitreous). Besides the Arrhenius gradual viscosity decrease, vitrimers are characterized by stress relaxation, reprocessing, remoulding, recycling, memory shape effect, self-healing and insolubility. Since their behaviour reflects both thermoset and thermoplast behaviours, they represent an ideal ecological replacement for plastics.