Malignant diseases have been prevalent in people since recorded history. The etiologies are numerous but usually cancer is driven by the transformation of normal cell into a pre-cancerous state due to mutations. It is known that these cells emerge every day due to errors in DNA replication, however most of them are eliminated either through apoptosis or via the immune system during immune surveillance. The issue arises how a pre-cancerous cell manages to proliferate while evading those mechanisms and consequently gives rise to cancer. Various therapies exist to treat malignancies, from classical chemotherapy and radiation therapy to more novel therapies, including “biologicals” where monoclonal antibodies directed at a specific antigen on the surface of malignant cells are used. New advances in genetics have allowed the advent of the adoptive cellular therapies combined with gene editing in genes of immune cells in order to alter the protein structure of their receptors and by that the molecular conditions required for their activation. One such therapy is the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. This therapy utilizes a viral vector for gene editing of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell receptor (TCR) to change intracellular signalling components thus enabling T cells to operate without a supporting environment, one which is usually lacking around malignant cells. CAR-T cell therapy was first developed in the 1980’s and since then massive strides have been achieved in transformation of this experimental tool to a recognized and FDA approved therapy, and as a third line/ treatment for refractory haematological malignancies since 2017. Since then, in several years it has led to a significant increase in remission rates with a substantial adverse effect profile and less successful lasting of remission. The treatment is performed in specialized centres and is currently only available in some countries due to the difficulty of therapy preparation as well as high costs. The goal of this review is to collate the various sources, trials, reviews, and meta-analysis and form a coherent review of the CAR-T cellular therapy. The principle behind its conception, the various generations and FDA approval process to the current therapy, its indications and - adverse effects have been presented and even as well as the conceptualization of the future of the therapy. CAR-T cells are CD4+ and/or CD8+ T cells that have been genetically engineered to produce chimeric (artificial) antigen receptors (CAR) on their surface.