In this paper we ask whether the two-factor theory of delusions is compatible with two claims, that delusions are pathological and that delusions are adaptive. We concentrate on two recent and influential models of the two-factor theory: the one proposed by Max Coltheart, Peter Menzies and John Sutton (2010) and the one developed by Ryan McKay (2012). The models converge on the nature of Factor 1 but diverge about the nature of Factor 2. The differences between the two models are reflected in different accounts of the pathological and adaptive nature of delusions. We will explore such differences, considering naturalist and normativist accounts of the pathological and focusing on judgements of adaptiveness that are informed by the shear-pin hypothesis (McKay and Dennett 2009). After reaching our conclusions about the two models, we draw more general implications for the status of delusions within two-factor theories. Are there good grounds to claim that delusions are pathological? Are delusions ever adaptive? Can delusions be at the same time pathological and adaptive?; U ovom članku razmatramo kompatibilnost dvofaktorske teorije s dvjema tvrdnjama: da su deluzije patološke i da su deluzije adaptivne. U središte razmatranja stavljamo dva nedavna i utjecajna modela dvofaktorske teorije: model Maxa Colthearta, Petera Menziesa i Johna Suttona (2010) i model Ryana McKayja (2012). Modeli se podudaraju u shvaćanju naravi Faktora 1, ali razilaze se u razumijevanju naravi Faktora 2. Razlike između modela odražavaju se u različitim objašnjenjima patološke i adaptivne naravi deluzija. Istražit ćemo navedene razlike s obzirom na naturalistička i normativistička objašnjenja patoloških svojstava i fokusirajući se na sudove o adaptivnosti utemeljene na „shear-pin“ hipotezi (McKay i Dennett 2009). Nakon donošenja zaključaka o dvama modelima, dolazimo do općenitijih implikacija o položaju deluzija u dvofaktorskim teorijama. Postoje li prihvatljiva uporišta za tvrdnju da su deluzije patološke? Jesu li deluzije ikada adaptivne? Mogu li deluzije istovremeno biti i patološke i adaptivne?