Introduction In this paper, the author investigates the text of Rom 14 through the historical-critical method. The aim of this research is to understand the terms of strong and weak in faith and to identify them, discover the factors influencing their alienation within the community, and interpret Paul’s exhortation given in this chapter. Since the Rom 14 consists of two pericopes 14:1-12 and 14:13-23 the paper is divided into two chapters. Both chapters contain five equally structured subchapters in this order: delimitation, textual criticism, semantic discourse analysis, linguistic-syntactic analysis, and exegesis of pericope. Romans 14:1-12 The first chapter shows that pericope 14,1-12 deals with relationships within the community, specifically between the members that Paul calls weak in the faith and the members he calls strong. Due to different beliefs regarding food consumption and the celebration of the day, there are conflicts and disturbed relationships among community members. Paul admonishes them and calls for mutual acceptance. Romans 14:13-23 The second chapter of this research paper shows that Paul in pericope 14:13-23 mainly addresses the strong. He encourages the acceptance of the weak and points out that Christian freedom is linked to a relationship with God that determines mutual behavior. Conclusion The results of the study of Romans 14 show that the background to the problem of the strong and the weak in faith lies in the opposing understanding of justification by faith in relation to the observance of Jewish law. Such an understanding is first seen in the fact that Paul names a certain group of members of the Roman community with phrase weak in faith that describes their process of weakening in faith which is understood through a connection with Abraham in Rome 4 where he is portrayed as a figure of strong faith and set as a model for Roman Christians. Then according to the beliefs of Roman Christians relating to issues of food consumption and the celebration of special days whose key to understanding are verses 14:14.20. In them, Paul claims that everything is pure, thus indicating that the controversy is over the part of the community, which continues to practice Jewish laws. Paul’s exhortation within chapter 14 also introduces the thought of justification by faith when he reminds community members of Christian identity and pragmatic action. Given the above issues, we consider that the Epistle to the Romans is primarily an occasional letter that responds to the specific problems of Roman Christians who are divided into weak in faith or Jewish Christians and strong or Gentile Christians. Because Paul was preoccupied with the problem of weak-strong situation in a larger textual scope, we believe that the problem was larger in scale and that there were a large number of community members, though not the majority, who emphasized observance of Jewish laws.