Barley belongs to cereals and is one of the oldest cultures in human nutrition. Ancient peoples such as the Ancient Sumerians and Egyptians used barley to make bread. Today, the most important application of barley is for animal husbandry, livestock feeding and in the brewing industry. In such productions, we ensure the quality of the grain by refining the barley. Barley grain is still used in the production of malt extract, the pharmaceutical and textile industries, and the production of fats and oils. The research was conducted on four different varieties of barley: Rex, Barun, Lord and Panonac. By applying vacuum drying and drying in a fluid bed, the effectiveness of the mentioned drying methods is determined. The use of vacuum drying and drying in a fluid bed along with analyzes of physical and chemical properties, observation of their influence on the mentioned properties of barley, certain results are presented, with which it is necessary to prove which method of drying is more suitable for preserving the quality of barley grain. One of the most important methods of grain processing is drying, which aims to achieve the desired water content of the grain, but also to preserve the appropriate physical and chemical properties. Some of these methods are drying in a fluid bed, which is suitable for drying loose granular materials, and vacuum drying. The mentioned methods determine the influence of drying on the quality of barley grains. Two different drying methods, drying under negative pressure and in a fluid bed, were carried out on barley grain at different temperatures, in values of 50 °C, 60 °C and 70 °C up to the balanced humidity of the barley grain of 13 % where the drying diagram is shown. The obtained data are presented statistically. Before and after drying the chemical characteristics of the grain were determined according to standard methods for determining the proportion of moisture, ash, fat, microelements and macroelements. The physical characteristics of the grain were also analyzed before and after different drying methods for all four varieties. From the physical characteristics the following values are shown in weight of 1000 grains, hectoliter weight, grain dimensions and grain sphericity.By applying vacuum drying and drying in a fluid bed the effectiveness of the mentioned drying methods was determined where the obtained values show which drying method is more suitable for preserving grain quality for the four treated varieties of barley.