The global social plan has changed in the last few decades, and this change has affected almost all aspects of society and way of life, including the religious sphere. The complex process of globalization is presented in the initial chapters of the paper through the prism of five important sociologists: Immanuel Wallerstein, Niklas Luhmann, Roland Robertson, John Meyer and Manuel Castells who are describing globalization using various different concepts. The central focus of the thesis are changes and new trends that globalization has stimulated in the religious field. The first course of change in the global religious sphere can be subsumed under the concept of increasing privatization of religion, its increasing transfer to the private sphere and the creation of personal religion according to the wishes and needs of individuals. On the other hand, privatization is completely opposed to the growing politicization of religion, for which are given examples such as growing Islamic fundamentalism, Christian fundamentalism and the so-called liberation movement, that is, variation of Christian socialism. These movements, that is, new religious identities, are becoming increasingly vocal as important political actors. The paper alsodiscusses the privatization or politicization of religion in contemporary Croatian society. The last chapter of the paper is dedicated to the contemporary sociology of religion.