Jaw bone resorption occurs due to many physiological and/or pathological processes, before, and especially after loosing teeth. Rehabilitation of such a severely resorbed jaw with dental implants remains a surgical and a prosthetic challenge. For many years, the clinicians tried to put the longest implants there are. To gain enough alveolar bone height, many advanced surgical techniques such as maxillary sinus floor grafting, block grafting, nerve repositioning and distraction osteogenesis have been developed. These advanced surgical techniques are usually associated with many complications. In order to avoid these problems, short dental implants have been invented. They have a reduced risk of interference with anatomic structures such as maxillary sinus and inferior alveolar. From both the clinical and the patient's perspective, short dental implants offer a number of clinical advantages: less skill necessary to perform the surgical intervention, increased number of sites available for implant therapy, easier removal in case of failure, and predominantly faster and cheaper treatment. Because of the reduced surface contact between an implant and a bone or overloading caused by an increased crown to implant ratio, short implants were usually associated to less success. That has been changed nowadays due to improvement of implant design and therapeutic protocols. In the last ten years, there has been an increase in the use of short implants in all the types of repleacements, whether fixed or removable.