Dental erosion is a form of non-carious lesion which leads to irreversible loss of tooth structure due to chemical dissolution by acids not of bacterial origin. Etiology is manifold. Interaction of multiple risk factors and defence mechanisms as well as patient's overall health encumber the identification of causes and making a diagnosis. The prevalence of dental erosion has significantly increased, both in the world and our country,particularly amongst the younger population.No severe symptoms need to be present at the early stage of dental erosion while it can be recognized in time by medical examination, taking the patients medical and dental history and conducting an interview on eating habits, lifestyle, specific occupations, sport activity and oral hygiene habits.The intrinsic (gastrointestinal) and extrinsic (food and environmental) acidic sources are found to be main risk factors, while saliva has the role of main natural protective mechanism in preventing dental erosion.Dental erosion treatment is based on prevention. Patients identified as being at particular risk of dental erosion need to be informed with the cause and need to be educated on the implementation of preventive measures. It is essential to halt the progression of the disease by influencing the etiological factor and stimulate the remineralization of tooth structure. Extensive damage to the enamel and dentin will require various restoration and even fixed prosthodontic procedures.