Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. It is a typical painless node in breast. Woman can feel it during self-exam, which is why breast self-exam is extremely important. In Croatia about 2500 women a year become ill. Some of the risk factors for development of breast cancer are: a family history of breast cancer, radiation exposure, oral contraceptives, hormonal replacement therapy. Because of the more common diseases breast cancer has become a public health problem. For breast cancer earlier detection is very important. Because of that the National program for early detection of a breast cancer was established, which encourages women to regulary go to mammographic screenings. Cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor of female genitals. In Croatia more than 1000 women a year become ill. Cervial cancer is caused by HPV virus which is found in 95% cervical cancers. The only way to detect infection with HPV virus and detection of cervical cancer is PAPA test. PAPA test is a swab of cervix that is preformed during a gynecological examination. The risk factors for development of cervical cancer is early sexual activity, sexual intercourse without protection, poor genital hygiene, herpes etc. We also have a National program for early detection of a cervical cancer, which encourages women to regulary go to gynecological examination and have a regular PAPA test preformed. The nurse has an extremely important role as an educator and a promoter of healthy lifestyles. Usually the nurse is the first person from whom the women seel help and she must be prepared to give them advice and to show them empathy for their problems.