Sternoclavicular joint injuries in athletes are not so common, but should be recognized in a timely manner, and can sometimes be difficult to diagnose. They are classified according to the degree and direction of displacement of the joint. The direction of displacement is important because of the risk of injury to intrathoracic structures, which can lead even to fatal outcomes. Ultrasound and specific radiographic methods are used as diagnostic tools. Surgical treatment is performed in cases of constant pain and in cases of significant compression on intrathoracic structures. In cases of acute traumatic dislocation open reposition may be needed in the case of posterior dislocation. Anti-inflammatory drugs, immobilization, and topical ice are used for minor sprains and subluxations. In most cases, athletes can return to the sport without functional limitations, meaning that long-term results are favorable. In addition to describing the characteristics of the sternoclavicular joint, the aim of this paper is to review and provide systematic overview of the available published papers presenting cases of sternoclavicular joint injuries in athletes.