| Sažetak | Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je istražiti da li postoje razlike u opterećenju metalima i polumetalima stanovnika Istočne Hrvatske, te utvrditi povezanost postojećih s ratnim zbivanjima. Koncentracije 66 elemenata, u ovoj biomonitoring studiji poprečno-presječnog tipa, određivane su u serum, urinu i kosi 391 ispitanika ICP-MS (eng. inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy) metodom. U jednom ili više bioloških uzoraka stanovnika Istočne Hrvatske utvrđene su više koncentracije određenih metala i polumetala u odnosu na istraživanja iz drugih zemalja. Posebno Al, As, Ba, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ga, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Ti, U, V, W, Zn i Zr, od kojih je većina povezana s oružjem. Biomonitoringom su također utvrđene razlike u opterećenjima pojedinim metalima i polumetalima stanovnika iz ratom više u odnosu na stanovnike iz ratom manje zahvaćenih područja Istočne Hrvatske. U ispitanika više u odnosu na manje izložene ratu bile su statistički značajno više koncentracije slijedećih elemenata: u serumu Al, B, Eu, Hg, Rb, Re, Tl, Tm i Zr; u urinu As, Cu, Ge, Rh, Sc, Se i Si; u kosi Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Hg, Ho, Ir, K, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, P, Pr, Pt, Rb, Re, Ru, Sb, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Th, Tl, Tm, V, W, Yb, Zn i Zr. Nadalje, stratifikacijom izloženih i neizloženih ispitanika i usporedbom istraživanih razreda ovisno o ratnim funkcijama može se zaključiti da su u ispitanika izloženijih ratnim zbivanjima utvrđene više koncentracije većeg broja elemenata povezanih s oružjem ili oružanim aktivnostima, osim U, koji je dokazan u statistički značajno višim koncentracijama u jednom razredu manje izloženih ispitanika. Utvrđene brojne i značajne razlike za većinu istraživanih, a posebno elemenata povezanih s oružjem, ukazuju na različito opterećenje stanovnika Istočne Hrvatske, potrebu daljnjeg praćenja, te snagu i mogućnosti biomonitoringa u sklopu ekološko-preventivnih aktivnosti. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | The aim of this study was to determine the possible differences in metal and metalloid exposure among people in areas of eastern Croatia exposed to heavy and moderate fighting during the war in Croatia. Concentrations of 66 elements in this biomonitoring cross-sectional study type were determined in hair, serum and urine samples using ICP-MS (inductively-coupled plasma mass spectroscopy). A total of 391 participants from areas of heavy and moderate fighting, were included. Higher concentrations for selected elements (Al, As, Ba, Bi, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ga, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Ti, U, V, W, Zn i Zr), almost all connected with fire arms, were determinated in one or more samples, compared to other countries. Also, compared to subjects from areas exposed to moderate fighting, subjects from areas exposed to heavy fighting had significantly higher serum concentrations of Al, B, Eu, Hg, Rb, Re, Tl, Tm and Zr; significantly higher urine concentrations of As, Cu, Ge, Rh, Sc, Se and Si; and significantly higher hair concentrations of Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Bi, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Hg, Ho, Ir, K, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, P, Pr, Pt, Rb, Re, Ru, Sb, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Th, Tl, Tm, V, W, Yb, Zn and Zr. Furthermore, from the stratification of exposed and non-exposed subjects depending on war functions, it can be concluded that the higher concentrations of almost all elements associated with weapons or armed activities, were found in more exposed subjects, except U, which was detected in significantly higher concentrations in one classroom of less exposed subjects. Established numerous and significant differences for the most studied, and in particular the elements related to arms, indicate the body burden differences of East Croatian population, the need for further monitoring, as well as strengths and opportunities of the biomonitoring through ecologic and preventive activities. |
