Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and most people die from ischemic heart disease. Acute myocardial infarction is the most dangerous manifestation of ischemic heart disease and is usually caused by atherosclerotic plaque disruption in the coronary artery wall. Subsequently, platelet adherence, activation and aggregation occur, leading to the activation of the clotting cascade and clot formation. Coronary revascularization is the cornerstone treatment in myocardial infarction management to preserve and maintain as much myocardium as possible. It can be performed with percutaneous coronary intervention, fibrinolysis or coronary artery bypass grafting. Pharmacotherapy also plays a key role in myocardial infarction management because coronary revascularization cannot achieve desired benefit without concomitant medications. Part of the patients with myocardial infarction do not undergo revascularization and are treated predominantly with pharmacotherapy. Drugs used in patients with myocardial infarction, amongst other positive effects, reduce myocardial ischemia, prevent coronary thromboembolism, increase blood flow through stenotic lesions and implanted stents, reduce myocardial oxygen demand, preserve patency of the coronary artery and control pain. Long-term goals in treating myocardial infarction with medications are prevention of new ischemic events, risk factors control and improvement in patients' survival and quality of life. This graduate thesis reviews contemporary acute myocardial infarction pharmacotherapy in prehospital, hospital and posthospital setting, with reference to the disease itself and the ongoing clinical research in this area which is exploring new ways to reduce catastrophic consequences of this disease which has for decades been one of the major issues in public health and society in general.